1 Chronicles 18:1-3

New English Translation

18 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. He took Gath and its surrounding towns^[a] away from the Philistines.^[b]

²He defeated the Moabites; the Moabites became David’s subjects and brought tribute.^[c]

³David defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah as far as Hamath, when he went to extend his authority^[d] to the Euphrates River.^[e]

1 Chronicles 18:1 tn 2 Sam 8:1 identifies this region as “Metheg Ammah.”
1 Chronicles 18:1 tn Heb “from the hand of the Philistines.” Here “hand” is figurative language for “control.”
1 Chronicles 18:2 tn Heb “carriers of tribute,” i.e., tribute payers.
1 Chronicles 18:3 tn Heb “hand.”
1 Chronicles 18:3 tn Heb “when he went to set up his hand at the Euphrates River.” The Hebrew word יָד (yad, “hand”) is usually understood to mean “control” or “dominion” here. However, since יָד does occasionally refer to a monument, perhaps one could translate, “to set up his monument at the Euphrates River” (i.e., as a visible marker of the limits of his dominion). For another example of the Hiphil of נָצַב (natsav) used with יָד (“monument”), see 1 Sam 15:12.

New English Translation (NET)